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Traditional irrigation practices of Ladakh (villages of Phyang and Phey), India

Case
The villages of Phyang and Phey are located northwest and southwest from the town of Leh in the Ladakh division of the Jammu and Kashmir districts, India, and are upstream (Phyang) and downstream (Phey) from each other.  Each village encompasses an unknown geographical area of land located in a cold desert/high altitude region characterized by glaciers, snowfields, short cultivation periods, and scarce water resources. The case study involves an undetermined snapshot in time and catalogues...
09 Aug 2016

Traditional irrigation practices of Ladakh (villages of Phuktse, Shara, and Sharnos), India

Case
The villages of Phuktse, Shara, and Sharnos are located in the Ladakh division of the Jammu and Kashmir districts, India.  The villages are successively downstream from each other, beginning with Phuktse which is upstream from Shara which is upstream from Sharnos.  Each village encompasses an unknown geographical area of land located in a cold desert/high altitude region characterized by glaciers, snowfields, short cultivation periods, and scarce water resources. The case study...
09 Aug 2016

Traditional irrigation practices of Ladakh (Sabu village), India

Case
The village of Sabu (aka Saboo) is located several km from the town of Leh in the Ladakh division of the Jammu and Kashmir districts, India.  It encompasses an unknown geographical area of land located in a cold desert/high altitude region characterized by glaciers, snowfields, short cultivation periods, and scarce water resources. The case study involves an undetermined snapshot in time and catalogues an action situation involving an unknown number of households which are dependent on an...
09 Aug 2016

Traditional irrigation practices of Ladakh (Alchi village), India

Case
The village of Alchi is located on the banks of the Indus river in the Ladakh division of the Jammu and Kashmir districts, India.  It encompasses an unknown geographical area of land located in a cold desert/high altitude region characterized by glaciers, snowfields, short cultivation periods, and scarce water resources. The case study involves an undetermined snapshot in time and catalogues an action situation involving an unknown number of households which are dependent on an earthen...
09 Aug 2016

Tourists and traditional divers in a common fishing ground

Case
Lee & Iwasa (2011) study socio-ecological models for a fishing ground open to tourists. On Jeju Island, Korea, women traditional divers called “Haenyeo” harvest resources in a common fishing ground. To investigate the impact of introducing tourists on the benefit to the fishing association and the resource level, we examine two models that differ in the way the number of tourists is controlled. In the first model, the fishing association charges an entrance fee to tourists and the level of...
09 Aug 2016

The urban heat commons: vegetation cooling services in Metropolitan Phoenix

Case
The case of urban vegetation cooling service at Metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona, USA is an addition to the original Common-Pool Resource (CPR) database. This case was created in 2013 by Yujia Zhang at Arizona State University. Metropolitan Phoenix is one of the fastest growing regions in the southwest U.S. In contrast to its rapid urban expansion, this area possesses inadequate natural resources and faces unique challenges of sustainable development. The commons dilemma in this case is to...
09 Aug 2016

The Tsembaga Maring swidden agriculture and animal husbandry, Simbai River Valley, Papua New Guinea

Case
Tsembaga Maring are a group of horticulturists who live in the highlands of New Guinea. The main resource upon which they relied on is swidden agriculture. The Tsembaga also practiced animal husbandry - the main domesticated animal being pigs. The Tsembaga derived little energetic value from pigs. Pigs did, however, play an important role in Kaiko, an important cultural ritual practiced by the Tsembaga people. Kaiko is a 5-25 year long ritual cycle that is coupled with pig husbandry and...
09 Aug 2016

The Irrigation System of Sol y Poniente, Campo de Dalías, Almeria, Spain

Case
The Sol y Poniente Irrigation system is one of the six irrigation systems of the agricultural area of Campo de Dalías, which is located in Almería, Spain. The case study involves an analysis of the evolution of the system in different stages: from 1988 in which the system was created to the date of the research in 2000. The authors catalogue an action situation involving users that appropriates water from the Benínar reservoir which is a public production resource, with public...
09 Aug 2016

The Irrigation System of Sol y Arena, Campo de Dalías, Almeria, Spain

Case
The Sol y Arena Irrigation system is one of the six irrigation systems (the most irrigated one) of the agricultural area of Campo de Dalías, which is located in Almería, Spain. It encompasses a geographical area of 6,000 ha. The case study involves an analysis of the evolution of the system in different stages: from 1953 in which the system was created to the date of the research in 2000. The authors catalogue an action situation involving 4095 users, of which only 2,952 are from the...
09 Aug 2016

The Irrigation System of La Mancha Oriental, La Mancha Region, Albacete and Cuenca provinces, Spain

Case
The Mancha Oriental Irrigation system is one aquifer of La Mancha Region, located in Albacete and Cuenca provinces in Spain. The case study involves an analysis of the evolution of the system from 1975 to 2000. The extension of the land is 8,500km2  but only 1,000Km2   is irrigated. The authors catalogue an action situation involving users that appropriates groundwater as resource units from the Júcar Hydrographic Confederation.The original case study authors focused on...
09 Aug 2016

The Irrigation System of Campo Montiel, La Mancha region, Spain

Case
Campo de Montiel Irrigation system is based on an aquifer of 2500 km2, but only that only 3% of it was used for agriculture. Campo de Montiel is located in La Mancha Region, in Spain. The case study involves an analysis of the evolution of the system from 1980 to 2000. The authors catalogue an action situation involving 29,000 total users that appropriate groundwater as the resource unit from the High Basin of Guadiana River, but only 101 farmers appropriate groundwater for irrigation...
09 Aug 2016

The inevitability of surprise in agroecosystems

Case
Many critical transformations of ecosystems contain advanced signals of their imminence, but it is also true that many critical transformations can be shown to contain no such signal, at least with the sorts of data normally available to field workers. This paper explores some generalized theoretical structures and distinguishes between those that may provide a signal that could be used to predict a critical transformation and those that, by their very nature, do not provide such a clue. I...
09 Aug 2016

The Evolution of Social Norms in Common Property Resource Use

Case
The problem of extracting commonly owned renewable resources is examined within an evolutionary-game-theoretic framework. It is shown that cooperative behavior guided by norms of restraint and punishment may be stable in a well-defined sense against invasion by narrowly self-interested behavior. The resource-stock dynamics are integrated with the evolutionary-game dynamics. Effects of changes in prices, technology, and social cohesion on extraction behavior and the long-run stock are analyzed....
09 Aug 2016

The coupled dynamics of human socio-economic choice and lake water system: the interaction of two sources of nonlinearity

Case
Suzuki & Iwasa (2009) study a mathematical model for the coupled dynamics of human socio-economic choice and lake water system. In the model, many players choose one of the two options: a cooperative and costly option with low phosphorus discharge, and an economical option with high phosphorus discharge. The choice is affected by an economic cost, a social concern about water pollution, and a conformist tendency. The pollution level in the lake is determined by total phosphorus discharge by...
09 Aug 2016

The application of commons theory on marine resource management

Case
This case was part of a study to determine whether the institutional design principles of Ostrom were, in fact, related to "governance success" by Cox et al.  In that analysis, this case was not included in the end.  
09 Aug 2016