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Food exchange networks in ancient agrarian societies, Eastern Mediterranean

Case
This is a diachronic case study emphasizing general properties of agricultural production and exchange over 10,000 years of agricultural production in the Eastern Mediterranean. Emphasis is placed on changing relationships between farmers and the individuals and institutions responsible for maintaining food-exchange networks and ensuring equitable distribution of food in times of subsistence crisis.
09 Aug 2016

Living in a network of scaling cities and finite resources

Case
Many urban phenomena exhibit remarkable regularity in the form of nonlinear scaling behaviors, but their implications on a system of networked cities has never been investigated. Such knowledge is crucial for our ability to harness the complexity of urban processes to further sustainability science. In this paper, Qubbaj et al. (2014) develop a dynamical modeling framework that embeds population–resource dynamics—a generalized Lotka–Volterra system with modifications to incorporate the urban...
30 Sep 2016

Living in a network of scaling cities and finite resources

Model
A modified Lotka-Volterra system in which multiple consumers and resource systems are connected by both consumer-consumer and consumer-resource links. Consumers represent cities, and thus exhibit nonlinear scaling behaviors as population increases w.r.t. harvest rate and harvest conversion efficiency. Populations can also migrate between cities along a welfare-dependent gradient.Analysis of the model for a simple dyadic network reveals that the basic Lotka-Volterra formulation can lead to...
30 Sep 2016